It certainly is meant to raise the bar on when behavior becomes a liability, but it is a subjective judgment prone to cultural bias. The requirement of an “impairment” is a two-edged sword. The symptoms must have been present in two or more social settings, i.e., home and school, and significantly affected the child.
The symptoms must have persisted for at least six months, beginning before age 12. One needs six symptoms in either column and “a few in the other” to make a clinical diagnosis. The group has identified three types of the disorder: The diagnosis of ADHD is made by considering a checklist of symptoms, guidelines developed by the American Psychiatric Association (APA). ADHD is a syndrome, a constellation of symptoms grouped to define a spectrum of disorders involving attention to “detail, organization skills, memory, and self-control.” There is no specific finding, objective or subjective, what physicians would call a pathognomonic marker, that says this person has ADHD, and this is its severity.
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